Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C). Sift together the flour and 1 cup of sugar.
In a clean, grease-free bowl, beat egg whites with cream of tartar until soft peaks form. Gradually add the remaining sugar, beating until stiff, glossy peaks form.
Gently fold in the flour mixture and vanilla extract until just combined. Do not overmix.
Pour batter into an ungreased 10-inch tube pan. Bake for 35-40 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted into the center comes out clean.
Invert the pan immediately and let the cake cool completely upside down.
Notes
Dust with powdered sugar before serving for extra sweetness.